- Searching
- Collecting
- Storing
- Treating
- Analysing
- Distributing
- Preserving
- Designing a project
- Collecting effluents
- Draining effluents
- Treating effluents
- Designing a project
- Social or solidarity pricing
- Price of water
- Innovating methods and others
- General principles
- Methods
- Governance of water and sanitation services
- Participative Community management
Facilitating access to water
Sanitation and preservation
Reducing the cost of water
Awareness efforts on hygiene and health
Organising and Managing
List of sheetsList of sheets
Facilitating access to water
Searching
- E2 - Various technologies for water catchment and spring arrangement
- E3 - Water catchment and simple spring arrangement
- E3 bis –Water catchment and spring arrangement with reservoir and/ or necessity of drainage
- E4 - Rain water recovery
- E5 - Water recovery by condensation of water contained in fog
- E6 - Water recovery contained in dew
- E7 - Construction of small surface dams
- E8 - Construction of small sub-surface dams
- E9 - Methods for finding underground water and water tables
Collecting
- E10 - Traditional technologies to preserve water by the arrangement of small water areas (ponds, swamps...)
- E11- Methods of artificial water table recharge
- E12 - Soil arrangement technologies to preserve water and to fight against drought and erosion
- E13 - Soil arrangement technologies to fight against desertification
- E14 - Finding and stopping leaks
Storing
- E15 – Methods for properly transporting and storing drinking water at home
- E16 - How to build and maintain a water tank or a reservoir. Dosages to use for the concrete
Treating
- E17 - Simple water treatment methods for use in the home
- E18 - Treatment by chlorination
- E19 -Treatment by sun exposure. SODIS and Solvatten methods
- E20 - Treatment using solar power and production of UV radiation
- E21 - Treatment by slow sand filtration for use in the home
- E22 - Treatment by ceramic filters
- E23 - Pretreatment – flocculation and settling– using moringa oleifera grains
- E24 - Pretreatment in urban area by lamellar settling
- E 25- Possibilities of using sea water or brackish water desalination. Perspectives
Analysing
- E26 – Analysis and quality of water. Main standards and indicators for drinking water
- E27 - Methods and available means, either simple or more elaborate, for the physical, chemical and/or bacteriological analysis of the water
Distributing
- E28 – Various types of wells and boreholes. General points
- E29 - Hand-dug wells
- E30 - Driven wells
- E31- Boreholes
- E32 - Importance and means for the maintenance of wells and boreholes
- E33 - Means of rehabilitation of old wells and boreholes
- E34 - Return to service and disinfection of wells
- E35 – Main types of hand pumps. General fact sheet
- E36 – Advantages and disadvantages of hand pumps. How to select and maintain them?
- E37 - Presentation of some common models of hand pumps
- E38 - Rope pumps
- E39 - Hydraulic and treadle pumps
- E40 - Motor pumps
- E41 - Solar pumps
- E42 - Wind powered pumps
- E43 - Hydraulic pumps (hydraulic ram)
- E44 - Drinking-fountains
- E45 - Village hydraulics: Construction of mini water distribution networks
- E46 - The construction of gravity networks from springs or high-up expanses of water
- E47 - Connections to a network and social connections
- E48 - Construction standards for networks and structures: desirable simplifications in the poorest rural and suburban areas
- E51 - Solutions for irrigating kitchen-gardens and community market-garden produce
- E52 - Technologies for simple and efficient irrigation
- E53 - Micro-irrigation. The "drop by drop" process
- E54 - Irrigation using ultraviolet resistant flexible hoses
- E55 - Irrigation using water retention agents based on biological swelling polymer crystals
- E56 - Irrigation by recycling waste water
- E57 – Irrigation pump for fields or market-gardens
- E58 - Low-cost treadle pumps for irrigation
- E59 - Animal traction type pumps
Preserving
- E49 - Drinking water in the poorest suburban areas and in shanty-towns
- E49a – The current situation and the issues
- E49b – Technical solutions for supplying water
- E49c – Technical solutions for distributing water
- E49d – The main methods of management and governance
- E50 – Kitchen-gardens and community market-gardens? How to create and manage them?
Designing a project
Sanitation and preservation
Collecting effluents
- A2 - Sumps
- A3 - Septic tanks. Mini septic tanks and sewage tanks
- A4 - Grease removers
- A5 - Latrines. General points. How to choose them
- A6 - Simple dry non-ventilated pit latrines
- A7 - Alternatives of these single-pit latrines and twin pit latrines
- A8 - Dry self-ventilated improved pit latrines (VIP), simple or twin pit
- A9 - ECOSAN ecological compost latrines
- A10 - ECOSAN ecological compost latrines with urine separation
- A11 - Biological latrines with family-size biogaz reactors combined with small farms
- A12 - More modern latrines, with siphon and manual or mechanical flush
- A13 - Latrines and sanitary units for schools and communities
Draining effluents
- A14 – Main withdrawal and transportation of latrine sludge and effluents (buckets, carts, tanks, sewage vehicles, combined or separate systems)
- A15 - Mini sewer networks with small diameter drains at low depth combined with a decentralised summary treatment system
- A16 - Sanitation in condominiums in the poor sections of town and in shantytowns
Treating effluents
- A 17- Various ecological treatment solutions rather than conventional sewage treatment plants. General presentation
- A 18 - Bar screens and spreading systems of wastewater by batch
- A19 - Digestors and grease removers
- A20 - Macrophyte filters
- A21 – Lagooning techniques
- A22 – Familial sanitation by lagooning and/or by macrophyte filters
- A23 - Sand filtration for raw water or wastewater treatment
- A24 - Filtering mass
- A25 - Treatment by willow-plantation or reed-bed zones at the outlet of a sewage treatment plant
Designing a project
Reducing the cost of water
Social or solidarity pricing
- B2 - Social pricing. General principles and main methods
- B3 - Progressive linear pricing, the most common form of so-called "social" pricing
- B4 - Progressive pricing via brackets ("super progressive" or "sliding brackets")
- B5 - Pricing of a socio-economic nature
- B6 - Reduced price social pricing
- B7 - "Mixed" social pricing and reducing the fixed portion in "two-part" pricing
- B8 - Solidarity pricing and specific means for reducing the price of water for underprivrileged uses
Price of water
Innovating methods and others
- B9 - Social assistance and covering unpaid bills
- B10 - The various subsidy methods, grants for "social" connections
- B11- Microcredit: A new means of financing for the poor
- B12- New types of contracts comprising social objectives OBA (Output-Based Aid) Contracts
- B13 - Innovative financing solutions
Awareness efforts on hygiene and health
General principles
Methods
- C2 – The PHAST approach and SARAR
- C3 – Awareness and education to hygiene and health issues relating to water: the main training methods - The PRA method
- C4 – The method of using specific guidelines
